Oil Industry Historical Milestones – The brand and company ® , derived from the Spanish name for crude oil as “black gold,” has been synonymous with specialty petroleum-based products since 1917, when it was part of the Standard Oil Company (California).
The ® brand began more than 100 years ago as a line of specialty products. We have become a world leader in the development, production and marketing of quality additives that improve the performance of fuels and lubricants. We have a proud history of “first” technology and products. These are some of the historical events by decades.
Oil Industry Historical Milestones
Completed major expansion projects at additive plants in Singapore, Gonfretville and Oak Point; announced plans for a new factory in Ningbo, China (2012-2017). 100th anniversary of the brand (2017).
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First fully qualified ILSAC GF-4 product (2004). Developed our own oil for piston engines for ships’ crews with carboxylate technology (2005).
The range of products expanded by the acquisition of the PARATONE® business with viscosity modifiers. Offices were opened in Korea and China (1998). The world’s first lubricant additive factory opened in the Asia-Pacific region in Singapore (1999).
New factory and technology center in Omaezaki, Japan. A joint venture established in India. The first engine oil for diesel locomotives to receive multiple approvals (1989).
The first detergent additive for natural gas engine oils (1960). The Japanese joint venture Karonite was established (1961). The first gasoline deposit control additive to help keep engines clean (1969).
Oil And Gas Industry Outlook
A revolutionary gasoline additive that helps keep carburetors clean. The first thermally stable alkaline additive for marine engine cylinder oils (1954). The Caltek Central Laboratory opens in the Netherlands. The French subsidiary Orogil was founded; The construction of the Gonfréville factory began (1957). The first ashless detergent for 2-stroke engine oils (1958).
The first detergent additive for passenger vehicles (1941). A chemical company founded within Standard Oil of California. The Oak Point manufacturing plant opened and began supplying additives to extend the range of the U.S. submarine fleet (1943). First to develop alkane detergent, the basic ingredient in most synthetic household detergents (1946).
First commercial use of chemicals to improve oil performance. Anti-vibration additive for transmissions (“Zeroline F”) designed for the Ford Model T (1925).
A brand first used for a line of specialty petroleum products by the Standard Oil Company of California (1917).
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One of the first examples of providing value to its customers was the introduction in 1925 of Zerolene® F, an anti-vibration additive used to lubricate the fabric drive belts in the historic Ford Model T. Shown here are five workers filling products at our Richmond Refinery. Oil and gas production in the Big Thicket region dates back to the late 19th century, although geological formations suitable for the presence of oil and gas have long generated interest and economics in the region. Before. In Sour Lake, Texas, just south of the reservation boundary and in an area that was historically the Thicket, there are a number of small lakes and streams that were once heralded for their healing properties. Native tribes, including the Tonkawe, Lipane, and Vichila, were known to use the area for gathering, using the sulfurous waters for medicinal purposes. They and the first European travelers who crossed the area used the oil deposits as tar or to lubricate the axles of their wagons. In 1850, the water of the lake and nearby springs turned the town into a spa, where travelers came in search of the healing powers of the water and received mud and mineral baths. Water from the lake would be bottled and sold in Houston and Galveston.
The source of oil deposits, sulphurous water and hot springs is a dome of salt underground. Salt domes are columns of salt that have risen through thousands of feet of mineral deposits. Occasionally, the soil may become small mounds due to the presence of such a dome below the surface. These domes are usually covered with stone structures consisting of sand, sandy clay or limestone. Important to the oil industry, the rock layer mainly contains oil and gas deposits. These salt domes are found not only in the Big Thicket region, but also along the coast and in the Gulf of Mexico. Spindletop would be the first time such a geological feature had sparked an oil boom.
Lucas Gusher in Spindletop, south of Beaumont, Texas, in January 1901 would mark the beginning of the eight-year oil boom in Southeast Texas. Following the success of the salt dome-encircling spring, enthusiastic businessmen began scouring the nearby landscape for telltale signs of the feature in order to further exploit its riches. This led them to the Thicket and sparked oil booms in Sour Lake, Saratoga and Batson. However, oil exploration in these regions began much earlier. In 1866, Peter Willis would be the first to try drilling for oil in Sour Lake, and although he found a small pocket of oil, it generated very little enthusiasm from others. In 1895, the Savage brothers, who were involved in oil exploration in the east, drilled for oil at Sour Lake and Saratoga, but met with minimal success. Like Acid Lake, Saratoga had its healthy springs due to the effect of the salt dome on the water. Before the Savage brothers, there was an attempt to drill for oil in 1865 in Saratoga after a man found oil on his pigs, but this attempt failed. Unlike Sour Lake and Saratoga, Batson had no significant history of oil exploration before the boom.
Despite all the instances of early oil exploration, the results were disappointing. Some of the observed lack of success can be partially attributed to the use of outdated equipment. Before 1900, oil prospectors in the Thicket used cable rigs (repeatedly driving a drill bit into the ground with the help of steam power) which had been obsolete in the East by 1880. In 1895 in Navarre, Texas, the Baker brothers began using their rotary method oil extraction (which they developed a decade earlier for drilling small wells in the Great Plains). Captain Lucas adopted this method at Spindletop in 1900, leading to an oil boom less than a year later. Unlike the cable rig, which had to stop periodically to replace the attachment and clean debris, the rotary rig used a hollow attachment and removed the debris using fluids while the attachment continued to operate. This process allowed the piece to be polished with a stone instead of being cast repeatedly. The cable rig had difficulty reaching depths of 300 feet, while the rotary rig could reach depths of 2,000 to 3,000 feet. This platform seems to have made a difference for High Density oil exploration.
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Thus, oil became the second major industry to engulf the Big Thicket region, surpassing lumber. However, unlike lumber, boomtowns lasted much shorter. Entrepreneurs began moving away from Spindletop and Beaumont as early as 1902, taking them from the Thicket to Sour Lake. In May 1903, shortly after numerous drilling rigs became successful, the Sour Lake oil rush was officially launched. But by 1905, production had already declined and entrepreneurs began to stray again. As Sour Lake production declined, Saratoga grew, so drillers moved 12 miles north to the newest town to emerge. Although by 1906 Saratoga had also seen the end of its heyday. Batson had its heyday shortly after Sour Lake and Saratoga, peaking in production in 1904. Its boom ended just four years later in 1908. This boom-and-bust routine would continue for the oil companies that next moved to Humble, but Batson would be the last boom in High Density.
In just eight years, the oil boom ended in The Thicket, but the environmental effects of the now-gone spills last much longer. As entrepreneurs arrived in an area, trees were quickly cut down and used for fuel or to build poles. Spills often gushed for hours, and oil saturated the ground and flowed into streams. Even after the spill was contained, seepage remained a regular part of oil operations in the region. This was mainly due to crude oil storage methods. Not expecting the success they achieved, the companies failed to build adequate warehouses and resorted to using improvised wooden crates or earthen pits. Pine Island Bayou and Little Pine Island Bayou were often contaminated with oil and sometimes even caught fire, causing the water to burn and the fire to spread into the forest. These problems were eventually mitigated by the use of steel barrels and the construction of pipelines, although the possibility of oil spills remained.
But worse than the oil leak was the salt water runoff. It’s not called the “salt dome” for nothing, and the salt water is constantly being pumped along with the oil. Once it reached the surface, the salt water would separate from the oil and spill out, allowing it to flow into nearby waterways. This incursion strangled the vegetation and killed the trees. Sour Lake rice farmers would eventually get a court order prohibiting the indiscriminate dumping of salt water. In their place, wells were built to dispose of salt water or,
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